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R^2Orch: Recursive Self-Improvement for Agent Orchestration via Self-Play within a Skill-Internalization Loop

In recent years, agentic orchestration has been widely applied to solve complex human tasks. However, existing orchestration learning still faces key challenges, including hand-designed curricula, adv

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About this paper

R²Orch uses recursive self-play with learnable task selection and skill withdrawal to train orchestrators without hand-designed curricula, improving performance across reasoning and interactive tasks.

In recent years, agentic orchestration has been widely applied to solve complex human tasks. However, existing orchestration learning still faces key challenges, including hand-designed curricula, advantage collapse when a task's rollouts all reach the same outcome, and unreliable evaluation signals that judge each skill by one noisy score. To address these challenges, we propose R^2Orch, a new paradigm of Recursive Self-Play Orchestration: an inner loop of self-play that improves the orchestrator on self-chosen tasks, and an outer loop that improves how the inner loop improves. To support this paradigm, we introduce Recursive Learnability, a training objective that rewards a Proposer for…

agentic orchestrationrecursive self-playRecursive LearnabilitySkill WithdrawalProposerrolloutszero-skill deployment
Upvotes
21
Authors
10
Published
Oct 22, 2026

Summary and abstract excerpt via Hugging Face Papers ↗ · arXiv.

Trending history

R^2Orch: Recursive Self-Improvement for Agent Orchestration via Self-Play within a Skill-Internalization Loop was first seen on Hugging Face · Daily papers on Nov 2, 2026. Since then it has appeared in 13 checks on 2 different days. Its best position was #1 of 30, reached on Nov 2, 15:28 UTC. It dropped off the list after Nov 3, 05:28 UTC.

Rank history

Position on Hugging Face · Daily papers at every check (lower is better).

#1#11#20#30 05:2811:2817:2823:2805:28 Nov 2, 05:28 UTC · #10Nov 2, 07:28 UTC · #6Nov 2, 09:28 UTC · #6Nov 2, 11:28 UTC · #3Nov 2, 13:28 UTC · #2Nov 2, 15:28 UTC · #1Nov 2, 17:28 UTC · #2Nov 2, 19:28 UTC · #2Nov 2, 21:28 UTC · #2Nov 2, 23:28 UTC · #2Nov 3, 01:28 UTC · #2Nov 3, 03:28 UTC · #2Nov 3, 05:28 UTC · #3

Last 14 days

Best rank per day (UTC).

Oct 26today

Metric history

Platform metric as reported by Hugging Face.

0306091 05:2811:2817:2823:2805:28 Nov 2, 05:28 UTC · 21Nov 2, 07:28 UTC · 36Nov 2, 09:28 UTC · 40Nov 2, 11:28 UTC · 62Nov 2, 13:28 UTC · 65Nov 2, 15:28 UTC · 72Nov 2, 17:28 UTC · 86Nov 2, 19:28 UTC · 86Nov 2, 21:28 UTC · 86Nov 2, 23:28 UTC · 88Nov 3, 01:28 UTC · 89Nov 3, 03:28 UTC · 90Nov 3, 05:28 UTC · 91

Questions

Is R^2Orch: Recursive Self-Improvement for Agent Orchestration via Self-Play within a Skill-Internalization Loop trending on HF Daily Papers right now?

Not at the moment. It was last on the list on Nov 3, 05:28 UTC, after 2 days of trending.

What is the highest rank R^2Orch: Recursive Self-Improvement for Agent Orchestration via Self-Play within a Skill-Internalization Loop reached?

#1 on Hugging Face · Daily papers, on Nov 2, 15:28 UTC. Trendoday checks this list every 120 minutes.

How long has R^2Orch: Recursive Self-Improvement for Agent Orchestration via Self-Play within a Skill-Internalization Loop been trending?

It was first seen on Nov 2, 2026 and has been on the list on 2 days (13 checks) since.